OpenHands/openhands/runtime/utils/runtime_build.py

import argparse
import hashlib
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import tempfile

import docker
import toml
from dirhash import dirhash
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader

import openhands
from openhands.core.logger import openhands_logger as logger
from openhands.runtime.builder import DockerRuntimeBuilder, RuntimeBuilder


def get_runtime_image_repo():
    return os.getenv('OD_RUNTIME_RUNTIME_IMAGE_REPO', 'ghcr.io/all-hands-ai/runtime')


def _get_package_version():
    """Read the version from pyproject.toml.

    Returns:
    - The version specified in pyproject.toml under [tool.poetry]
    """
    project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(openhands.__file__)))
    pyproject_path = os.path.join(project_root, 'pyproject.toml')
    with open(pyproject_path, 'r') as f:
        pyproject_data = toml.load(f)
    return pyproject_data['tool']['poetry']['version']


def _put_source_code_to_dir(temp_dir: str):
    """Builds the project source tarball directly in temp_dir and unpacks it.
    The OpenHands source code ends up in the temp_dir/code directory.

    Parameters:
    - temp_dir (str): The directory to put the source code in
    """
    if not os.path.isdir(temp_dir):
        raise RuntimeError(f'Temp directory {temp_dir} does not exist')

    project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(openhands.__file__)))
    logger.info(f'Building source distribution using project root: {project_root}')

    # Fetch the correct version from pyproject.toml
    package_version = _get_package_version()
    tarball_filename = f'openhands_ai-{package_version}.tar.gz'
    tarball_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, tarball_filename)

    # Run "python -m build -s" on project_root to create project tarball directly in temp_dir
    _cleaned_project_root = project_root.replace(
        ' ', r'\ '
    )  # escape spaces in the project root
    result = subprocess.run(
        f'python -m build -s -o {temp_dir} {_cleaned_project_root}',
        shell=True,
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
    )
    logger.info(result.stdout.decode())
    err_logs = result.stderr.decode()
    if err_logs:
        logger.error(err_logs)

    if result.returncode != 0:
        logger.error(f'Image build failed:\n{result}')
        raise RuntimeError(f'Image build failed:\n{result}')

    if not os.path.exists(tarball_path):
        logger.error(f'Source distribution not found at {tarball_path}')
        raise RuntimeError(f'Source distribution not found at {tarball_path}')
    logger.info(f'Source distribution created at {tarball_path}')

    # Unzip the tarball
    shutil.unpack_archive(tarball_path, temp_dir)
    # Remove the tarball
    os.remove(tarball_path)
    # Rename the directory containing the code to 'code'
    os.rename(
        os.path.join(temp_dir, f'openhands_ai-{package_version}'),
        os.path.join(temp_dir, 'code'),
    )
    logger.info(f'Unpacked source code directory: {os.path.join(temp_dir, "code")}')


def _generate_dockerfile(
    base_image: str,
    skip_init: bool = False,
    extra_deps: str | None = None,
) -> str:
    """Generate the Dockerfile content for the runtime image based on the base image.

    Parameters:
    - base_image (str): The base image provided for the runtime image
    - skip_init (boolean):
    - extra_deps (str):

    Returns:
    - str: The resulting Dockerfile content
    """
    env = Environment(
        loader=FileSystemLoader(
            searchpath=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'runtime_templates')
        )
    )
    template = env.get_template('Dockerfile.j2')

    dockerfile_content = template.render(
        base_image=base_image,
        skip_init=skip_init,
        extra_deps=extra_deps if extra_deps is not None else '',
    )
    return dockerfile_content


def prep_docker_build_folder(
    dir_path: str,
    base_image: str,
    skip_init: bool = False,
    extra_deps: str | None = None,
) -> str:
    """Prepares a docker build folder by copying the source code and generating the Dockerfile

    Parameters:
    - dir_path (str): The build folder to place the source code and Dockerfile
    - base_image (str): The base Docker image to use for the Dockerfile
    - skip_init (str):
    - extra_deps (str):

    Returns:
    - str: The MD5 hash of the build folder directory (dir_path)
    """
    # Copy the source code to directory. It will end up in dir_path/code
    _put_source_code_to_dir(dir_path)

    # Create a Dockerfile and write it to dir_path
    dockerfile_content = _generate_dockerfile(
        base_image,
        skip_init=skip_init,
        extra_deps=extra_deps,
    )
    logger.debug(
        (
            f'===== Dockerfile content start =====\n'
            f'{dockerfile_content}\n'
            f'===== Dockerfile content end ====='
        )
    )
    with open(os.path.join(dir_path, 'Dockerfile'), 'w') as file:
        file.write(dockerfile_content)

    # Get the MD5 hash of the dir_path directory
    dist_hash = dirhash(dir_path, 'md5')
    logger.info(
        f'Input base image: {base_image}\n'
        f'Skip init: {skip_init}\n'
        f'Extra deps: {extra_deps}\n'
        f'Hash for docker build directory [{dir_path}] (contents: {os.listdir(dir_path)}): {dist_hash}\n'
    )
    return dist_hash


def get_runtime_image_repo_and_tag(base_image: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
    """Retrieves the Docker repo and tag associated with the Docker image.

    Parameters:
    - base_image (str): The name of the base Docker image

    Returns:
    - tuple[str, str]: The Docker repo and tag of the Docker image
    """

    if get_runtime_image_repo() in base_image:
        logger.info(
            f'The provided image [{base_image}] is already a valid runtime image.\n'
            f'Will try to reuse it as is.'
        )

        if ':' not in base_image:
            base_image = base_image + ':latest'
        repo, tag = base_image.split(':')
        return repo, tag
    else:
        if ':' not in base_image:
            base_image = base_image + ':latest'
        [repo, tag] = base_image.split(':')
        oh_version = _get_package_version()

        # Hash the repo if it's too long
        if len(repo) > 32:
            repo_hash = hashlib.md5(repo[:-24].encode()).hexdigest()[:8]
            repo = f'{repo_hash}_{repo[-24:]}'  # Use 8 char hash + last 24 chars
        else:
            repo = repo.replace('/', '_s_')

        new_tag = f'oh_v{oh_version}_image_{repo}_tag_{tag}'

        # if it's still too long, hash the entire image name
        if len(new_tag) > 128:
            new_tag = f'oh_v{oh_version}_image_{hashlib.md5(new_tag.encode()).hexdigest()[:64]}'
            logger.warning(
                f'The new tag [{new_tag}] is still too long, so we use an hash of the entire image name: {new_tag}'
            )

        return get_runtime_image_repo(), new_tag


def build_runtime_image(
    base_image: str,
    runtime_builder: RuntimeBuilder,
    extra_deps: str | None = None,
    docker_build_folder: str | None = None,
    dry_run: bool = False,
    force_rebuild: bool = False,
) -> str:
    """Prepares the final docker build folder.
    If dry_run is False, it will also build the OpenHands runtime Docker image using the docker build folder.

    Parameters:
    - base_image (str): The name of the base Docker image to use
    - runtime_builder (RuntimeBuilder): The runtime builder to use
    - extra_deps (str):
    - docker_build_folder (str): The directory to use for the build. If not provided a temporary directory will be used
    - dry_run (bool): if True, it will only ready the build folder. It will not actually build the Docker image
    - force_rebuild (bool): if True, it will create the Dockerfile which uses the base_image

    Returns:
    - str: <image_repo>:<MD5 hash>. Where MD5 hash is the hash of the docker build folder

    See https://docs.all-hands.dev/modules/usage/architecture/runtime for more details.
    """
    # Calculate the hash for the docker build folder (source code and Dockerfile)
    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
        from_scratch_hash = prep_docker_build_folder(
            temp_dir,
            base_image=base_image,
            skip_init=False,
            extra_deps=extra_deps,
        )

    runtime_image_repo, runtime_image_tag = get_runtime_image_repo_and_tag(base_image)

    # The image name in the format <image repo>:<hash>
    hash_runtime_image_name = f'{runtime_image_repo}:{from_scratch_hash}'

    # non-hash generic image name, it could contain *similar* dependencies
    # but *might* not exactly match the state of the source code.
    # It resembles the "latest" tag in the docker image naming convention for
    # a particular {repo}:{tag} pair (e.g., ubuntu:latest -> runtime:ubuntu_tag_latest)
    # we will build from IT to save time if the `from_scratch_hash` is not found
    generic_runtime_image_name = f'{runtime_image_repo}:{runtime_image_tag}'

    # Scenario 1: If we already have an image with the exact same hash, then it means the image is already built
    # with the exact same source code and Dockerfile, so we will reuse it. Building it is not required.
    if not force_rebuild and runtime_builder.image_exists(hash_runtime_image_name):
        logger.info(
            f'Image [{hash_runtime_image_name}] already exists so we will reuse it.'
        )
        return hash_runtime_image_name

    # Scenario 2: If a Docker image with the exact hash is not found, we will FIRST try to re-build it
    # by leveraging the `generic_runtime_image_name` to save some time
    # from re-building the dependencies (e.g., poetry install, apt install)
    if not force_rebuild and runtime_builder.image_exists(generic_runtime_image_name):
        logger.info(
            f'Could not find docker image [{hash_runtime_image_name}]\n'
            f'Will try to re-build it from latest [{generic_runtime_image_name}] image to potentially save '
            f'time for dependencies installation.\n'
        )

        cur_docker_build_folder = docker_build_folder or tempfile.mkdtemp()
        _skip_init_hash = prep_docker_build_folder(
            cur_docker_build_folder,
            # we want to use the existing generic image as base
            # so that we can leverage existing dependencies already installed in the image
            base_image=generic_runtime_image_name,
            skip_init=True,  # skip init since we are re-using the existing image
            extra_deps=extra_deps,
        )

        assert (
            _skip_init_hash != from_scratch_hash
        ), f'The skip_init hash [{_skip_init_hash}] should not match the existing hash [{from_scratch_hash}]'

        if not dry_run:
            _build_sandbox_image(
                docker_folder=cur_docker_build_folder,
                runtime_builder=runtime_builder,
                target_image_repo=runtime_image_repo,
                # NOTE: WE ALWAYS use the "from_scratch_hash" tag for the target image
                # otherwise, even if the source code is exactly the same, the image *might* be re-built
                # because the same source code will generate different hash when skip_init=True/False
                # since the Dockerfile is slightly different
                target_image_hash_tag=from_scratch_hash,
                target_image_tag=runtime_image_tag,
            )
        else:
            logger.info(
                f'Dry run: Skipping image build for [{generic_runtime_image_name}]'
            )

        if docker_build_folder is None:
            shutil.rmtree(cur_docker_build_folder)

    # Scenario 3: If the Docker image with the required hash is not found AND we cannot re-use the latest
    # relevant image, we will build it completely from scratch
    else:
        if force_rebuild:
            logger.info(
                f'Force re-build: Will try to re-build image [{generic_runtime_image_name}] from scratch.\n'
            )

        cur_docker_build_folder = docker_build_folder or tempfile.mkdtemp()
        _new_from_scratch_hash = prep_docker_build_folder(
            cur_docker_build_folder,
            base_image,
            skip_init=False,
            extra_deps=extra_deps,
        )
        assert (
            _new_from_scratch_hash == from_scratch_hash
        ), f'The new from scratch hash [{_new_from_scratch_hash}] does not match the existing hash [{from_scratch_hash}]'

        if not dry_run:
            _build_sandbox_image(
                docker_folder=cur_docker_build_folder,
                runtime_builder=runtime_builder,
                target_image_repo=runtime_image_repo,
                # NOTE: WE ALWAYS use the "from_scratch_hash" tag for the target image
                target_image_hash_tag=from_scratch_hash,
                target_image_tag=runtime_image_tag,
            )
        else:
            logger.info(
                f'Dry run: Skipping image build for [{generic_runtime_image_name}]'
            )

        if docker_build_folder is None:
            shutil.rmtree(cur_docker_build_folder)

    return f'{runtime_image_repo}:{from_scratch_hash}'


def _build_sandbox_image(
    docker_folder: str,
    runtime_builder: RuntimeBuilder,
    target_image_repo: str,
    target_image_hash_tag: str,
    target_image_tag: str,
) -> str:
    """Build and tag the sandbox image.
    The image will be tagged as both:
        - target_image_hash_tag
        - target_image_tag

    Parameters:
    - docker_folder (str): the path to the docker build folder
    - runtime_builder (RuntimeBuilder): the runtime builder instance
    - target_image_repo (str): the repository name for the target image
    - target_image_hash_tag (str): the *hash* tag for the target image that is calculated based
        on the contents of the docker build folder (source code and Dockerfile)
        e.g. 1234567890abcdef
    -target_image_tag (str): the tag for the target image that's generic and based on the base image name
        e.g. od_v0.8.3_image_ubuntu_tag_22.04
    """
    target_image_hash_name = f'{target_image_repo}:{target_image_hash_tag}'
    target_image_generic_name = f'{target_image_repo}:{target_image_tag}'

    try:
        image_name = runtime_builder.build(
            path=docker_folder, tags=[target_image_hash_name, target_image_generic_name]
        )
        if not image_name:
            raise RuntimeError(f'Build failed for image {target_image_hash_name}')
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f'Sandbox image build failed: {e}')
        raise

    return image_name


if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument(
        '--base_image', type=str, default='nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs22'
    )
    parser.add_argument('--build_folder', type=str, default=None)
    parser.add_argument('--force_rebuild', action='store_true', default=False)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    if args.build_folder is not None:
        # If a build_folder is provided, we do not actually build the Docker image. We copy the necessary source code
        # and create a Dockerfile dynamically and place it in the build_folder only. This allows the Docker image to
        # then be created using the Dockerfile (most likely using the containers/build.sh script)
        build_folder = args.build_folder
        assert os.path.exists(
            build_folder
        ), f'Build folder {build_folder} does not exist'
        logger.info(
            f'Copying the source code and generating the Dockerfile in the build folder: {build_folder}'
        )

        runtime_image_repo, runtime_image_tag = get_runtime_image_repo_and_tag(
            args.base_image
        )
        logger.info(
            f'Runtime image repo: {runtime_image_repo} and runtime image tag: {runtime_image_tag}'
        )

        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
            # dry_run is true so we only prepare a temp_dir containing the required source code and the Dockerfile. We
            # then obtain the MD5 hash of the folder and return <image_repo>:<temp_dir_md5_hash>
            runtime_image_hash_name = build_runtime_image(
                args.base_image,
                runtime_builder=DockerRuntimeBuilder(docker.from_env()),
                docker_build_folder=temp_dir,
                dry_run=True,
                force_rebuild=args.force_rebuild,
            )

            _runtime_image_repo, runtime_image_hash_tag = runtime_image_hash_name.split(
                ':'
            )

            # Move contents of temp_dir to build_folder
            shutil.copytree(temp_dir, build_folder, dirs_exist_ok=True)
        logger.info(
            f'Build folder [{build_folder}] is ready: {os.listdir(build_folder)}'
        )

        # We now update the config.sh in the build_folder to contain the required values. This is used in the
        # containers/build.sh script which is called to actually build the Docker image
        with open(os.path.join(build_folder, 'config.sh'), 'a') as file:
            file.write(
                (
                    f'\n'
                    f'DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG={runtime_image_tag}\n'
                    f'DOCKER_IMAGE_HASH_TAG={runtime_image_hash_tag}\n'
                )
            )
        logger.info(
            f'`config.sh` is updated with the image repo[{runtime_image_repo}] and tags [{runtime_image_tag}, {runtime_image_hash_tag}]'
        )
        logger.info(
            f'Dockerfile, source code and config.sh are ready in {build_folder}'
        )
    else:
        # If a build_folder is not provided, after copying the required source code and dynamically creating the
        # Dockerfile, we actually build the Docker image
        logger.info('Building image in a temporary folder')
        docker_builder = DockerRuntimeBuilder(docker.from_env())
        image_name = build_runtime_image(args.base_image, docker_builder)
        print(f'\nBUILT Image: {image_name}\n')